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Title: Jobs and Gender: Local Labor Market Outcomes and Gender-Specific Labor Demand

Citation Type: Miscellaneous

Publication Year: 2019

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Abstract: The labor market is characterized by a strong degree of sorting by gender into occupations and industries. Gender sorting implies that men and women are differentially exposed to changes in local labor demand. In this paper, I show that in the U.S. between 1980 and 2017, men have been more exposed to geographically concentrated changes in labor demand than women, and that men are exposed to these changes with higher variance and lower mean. I find that an aggregate labor demand analysis masks important heterogeneity by gender both in exposure and response to changes in gender-specific labor demand. I study differential responses to these shocks by gender, including migration and labor force participation. Migratory responses are greater for men, while labor supply responses are greater for women, and these effects are larger in rural areas. I provide a decomposition of the labor demand shocks to explore mechanisms, finding that industry sectors comprising most of the identifying variation of a shock vary by both gender and region of analysis.

Url: https://www.jenniferbernard.me/research

Url: https://www.jenniferbernard.me/s/Bernard_Jennifer_JMP-8nx9.pdf

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Authors: Bernard, Jennifer

Publisher: University of Nebraska-Lincoln

Data Collections: IPUMS USA

Topics: Gender, Labor Force and Occupational Structure

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