Full Citation
Title: Examining the relationship between long working hours and the use of prescription sedatives among US workers
Citation Type: Journal Article
Publication Year: 2023
ISBN:
ISSN:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sleep.2023.06.026
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PMID:
Abstract: Objectives The prevalence of long working hours has been accompanied by a corresponding rise in sleep disorders. Sedative-hypnotic agents (SHAs), have been reported as the second most commonly misused drug class in the U.S. The key objective of this study was to examine the relationship between working hours on the use of sleep aids and medications with sedative properties. Methods The 2010-2019 Medical Expenditure Panel Survey data was utilized. SHAs and medications with sedative related properties (MSRPs) were identified. Furthermore, we employed different regression models ranging from multivariable linear regression, Tobit regression, Heckman regression, and multivariable logistic regression, to ensure consistency, robustness, and reliability of associations. Results Overall, a sample of 81,518 observations of full-time workers was analyzed. Working 56hours or more per week was significantly associated (p < 0.05) with an increased odds of using SHAs and MSRPs by 13% (Adjusted Odds Ratio, aOR =1.13, 95% Confidence Interval, CI=1.01:1.26) and 9% (aOR=1.09, 95% CI=1.03:1.16), respectively more than that among those who worked fewer hours. Females in our study had a higher likelihood (aOR=1.11, 95% CI=1.05:1.19) of using SHAs when compared to males. Also, professional services had the highest likelihood (aOR=1.31, 95% CI=1.14:1.50) of using SHAs. Conclusion We found that long working hours were significantly associated with an elevated use of SHAs and MSRPs among U.S. workers. Specifically, female workers and individuals working in professional services had the highest likelihood of using sleep medications.
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Authors: Ezekekwu, Emmanuel; Johnson, Christopher; Karimi, Seyed; Antimisiaris, Demetra; Lorenz, Doug
Periodical (Full): Sleep Medicine
Issue:
Volume: 109
Pages: 226-239
Data Collections: IPUMS Health Surveys - MEPS
Topics: Health, Labor Force and Occupational Structure
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