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Title: 'Girls Rule'? Schooling, Work, and Idleness among Immigrant Youth
Citation Type: Working Paper
Publication Year: 2006
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Abstract: Increased immigration coupled with the relative youth of the foreign born is fueling rapid growth in the number of immigrant children, i.e., foreign born or first generation and U.S.-born children of foreign-born parents, the second generation, attending U.S. schools. Policymakers need to understand how school persistence varies by generation status and which individual characteristics matter for high school completion. California census data suggest significant heterogeneity in enrollment propensities by gender (Garvey, 2005). Women are on average about 20 percent more likely to be in school than young men, with the strongest advantage accruing to the second generation. I exploit the large sample sizes of the 2000 IPUMS data to analyze gender differences in school enrollment and labor force participation of first and second generation youth relative to natives whose parents were also born in the United States (the third+ generation), as well as by disaggregated race/ethnicity/national origin groups. A key contribution of this paper is its improvement of IPUMS-constructed variables that link children to resident parents and thus define a childs family context. My algorithms use household structure information to determine a youths generation status.The census reports completed schooling, school participation status, and labor force participation. I use logistic regression models to analyze the interplay of gender and generation status (controlling for individual, family, and neighborhood characteristics) on school participation for youth ages 16 to 18. Multinomial logistic regression is then used to explicitly examine the pathways out of schooling by analyzing how the relative attractiveness of schooling versus competing activities of labor market work and idleness vary by gender and generation status. I then examine how the impact of gender varies by race/ethnicity across generation status groups for these two sets of outcomes.
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Authors: Garvey, Deborah
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Institution: Santa Clara University
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Data Collections: IPUMS USA
Topics: Migration and Immigration
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