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Title: Education differentials in mortality: Disentangling age, period and cohort effects
Citation Type: Conference Paper
Publication Year: 2000
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Abstract: itagawa and Hausers 1960 study matching death certificates to census records revealed mortality differentials by educational attainment which decreased with age for men. Subsequent studies found increased age stratified mortality differentials by education in the 1980s. Age and period comparisons in these studies, because of their relatively short duration, are potentially confounded by cohort effects. To distinguish, age, period and cohort effects, we followed five decade-long U.S. birth cohorts (b.1890-99 ... b.1930-39) of native-born whites through four IPUMS census samples (1960-1990) to track how each cohorts educational distribution changed as they aged, assumed to reflect differential survival. We assume there is no significant in-migration, out-migration, or change in educational attainment after age 30, and that persons report educational attainment reliably throughout life. For each sex cohort and sequential pair of censuses, we calculate risk ratios of 10-year survival by educational attainment using logit models. Educational attainment varies markedly by sex and cohort. Education effects on survival were found across all age and sex groups for each 10-year period. Period and cohort effects for these education differentials on survival are much stronger than age and sex effects. Within each cohort, educational differentials increase with age. However, this is explained by period effects. Educational differentials also widen in successive birth cohorts; education past grade 12 confers survival advantages beginning with the 1910-19 birth cohort for men and the 1920-29 cohort for women.
Url: https://apha.confex.com/apha/128am/techprogram/paper_11355.htm
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Authors: Lauderdale, Diane S.
Conference Name: APHA
Publisher Location: Boston, MA
Data Collections: IPUMS USA
Topics: Education, Health
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