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Title: Education and Class Membership Fluctuation by Cohorts in France and the USA (1960-2000)
Citation Type: Conference Paper
Publication Year: 2001
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Abstract: This paper is an assessment of the impact of educational and of labour market fluctuations on cohorts born between 1905 to 1975 in US and France. Even if the pace and the rhythm is not exactly the same, these two countries are characterised by huge cohort fluctuations of the probabilities of access to longer education ant to the highest positions of the social system (for example in terms of access rates to EGP class I or I II). Because these two factors do not fluctuate in parallel way, the 'absolute social value' of education (the probabilities of access to highest social classes for a given level of education) could know important variations.Non-linear expansions of educational opportunities occurred booth in France and in US: a first educational boom benefited most to the first cohorts of the baby-boom (birth: 1945-1950), later baby-boom cohorts (1950-1965) had been submitted to a relative (in France) or absolute (in US) educational decay, and baby-bust cohorts (1970-1975) have known a second wave of expansion.The labour market capacity of absorption of these cohorts during their transition from school to work principally depended on economic growth. First jobs and early labour experiences had a strategic role in the status attainment process of these cohorts, and for the subsequent steps of their trajectory in the social stratification system.We assess (1) educational changes, (2) social structure mutations, and (3) the link between education and social position of each cohort, with age-period-cohort models, and with a new modified age-period-cohort model including a 'catch-up effect' (effect of recovery of early handicaps). The data considered here are, for US, a 1960-2000 census extract (0.1%) and current populations surveys cumulative file (N=1.2 millions), and for France a compilation (1964-2000) of FQP and Labour force surveys (N=460 thousands).
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Authors: Chauvel, Louis
Conference Name: ISA Research Committee on Social Stratification (RC28) Meeting
Publisher Location: Mannheim, Germany
Data Collections: IPUMS USA
Topics: Education, Labor Force and Occupational Structure
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