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Title: Three Essays on Human Capital and Labor Economics

Citation Type: Dissertation/Thesis

Publication Year: 2013

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Abstract: Impact of the Family and Medical Leave Act on Female Physician Specialty Choice This paper examines the effect that the enactment of the U.S. Family and Medical Leave Act of 1993 (FMLA) had on choice of female physician medical specialty. I use break point testing and joint hypothesis testing to find that the highest R-squared values for the trend break for the system of specialties occur in the year immediately following the legislation’s passage and that the FMLA had a statistically significant trend break in female physician specialty choice in 32 of 39 specialties tested. Legislation that protects the rights of mothers can be utilized to encourage diversity in the selection of specialties in medicine. Further work is required to find the particular characteristics of each specialty that drive choice among female physicians. Impact of the Family and Medical Leave Act on Female Occupational Choice This paper examines whether the Family and Medical Leave Act of 1993 (FMLA) had any impact on occupational choice among women. Break point testing and joint hypothesis tests find the highest goodness-of-fit for a trend break in all occupations in the year the legislation was enacted. Family formation legislation is found to be a potential tool for encouraging occupational shifts among women. Exploring University Creation and Output of Nanoscience Doctoral Graduates This cross-disciplinary paper focuses on the factors associated with a university beginning to create doctoral graduates in new or emerging science fields (entry) and the factors associated with number of doctoral graduates generated per year (output) once 4 entry has occurred. We focus on the field of nanoscience, finding that a university’s status as a science-heavy institution is important in both entry and output, but that the impact of the other factors such as cumulative university knowledge stock in articles and patents, NIH and NSF grants, cumulative US knowledge stock in articles, and number of university non-nanoscience star scientists differ between the entry and output models.

Url: https://repository.library.northeastern.edu/files/neu:1046/fulltext.pdf

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Authors: Natt, Amarita

Institution: Northeastern University

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Data Collections: IPUMS CPS

Topics: Labor Force and Occupational Structure

Countries: United States