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Title: (미국 내 한국이민자의 사회경제적 적응 과정) Socioeconomic Adaptation Process of Korean Immigrants in United States

Citation Type: Journal Article

Publication Year: 2012

Abstract: 본 연구의 목적은 한국인 이민자가 미국노동시장에서 사회경제적으로 적응하는 과정을 1980년부터 2010년까지의 시간적 범위를 바탕으로 살펴보는데 있다. 본 연구에서는 미국 태생의 미국시민집단에 비해 한국이민자 집단이 노동시장에 진입했을 때 사회경제적 차이가 존재하는 지, 이민기간이 길어짐에 따라 그 차이는 점차 감소하는지, 보다 최근에 미국으로 이민을 온 집단의 질적인 변화는 존재하는지를 중점적으로 살펴보았다. 이민자의 사회경제적 지위를 반영한 고용확률, 상위직종 종사비율, 자영업 종사비율, 소득의 차이를 각각 분석한 결과, 진입 초기에 노동시장에서의 미국 태생의 미국인 집단과의 격차는 분명히 존재했으며 이민기간이 길어짐에 상위직종에 종사할 확률과 소득의 차이가 점차 감소하는 것을 발견할 수 있었다. 자영업 종사확률은 10년의 이민기간이 지나면 오히려 증가하는 모습을 보여 노동시장의 경험을 바탕으로 종사상 형태의 전환을 시도하는 모습을 발견할 수 있었다. 이민자 집단의 질적 변화는 이민 초기에 보다 동등한 소득을 받으며 상위직종에 종사할 확률과 봉급을 받으며 종사할 확률이 점차 높아져 미국 노동시장에 필요한 능력을 이미 보유한 사람들의 이동이 최근에 주를 이루고 있음을 살펴볼 수 있었다. (In this paper, we empirically investigate the socioeconomic adaptation process of Korean immigrants in the United States by analyzing a population of census data from 1980 to 2010, focusing on their employment, occupational attainment, earning attainment, and working status. Korean immigrants have shown the highest rate of self-employment among immigrants since 1965. We have paid attention to three effects; The results of this study are summarized as follows: (1) The results of the intervention are summarized as follows: (2) period had become longer. At the time of entry, Results show that Korean immigrants were less likely to be employed in high-level occupations, more likely to be trapped in self-employed jobs and earn much less than the natives. As they stayed longer, the gaps of employment opportunity, occupational attainment and earning tended to decrease with different paces. Because new immigrants after 1990 were fared better in terms of occupational attainment and were less self-employed than before, we could find some evidence that the changing cohort had a significant effect on immigrant society. occupational attainment and earning tended to decrease with different paces. Because new immigrants after 1990 were fared better in terms of occupational attainment and were less self-employed than before, we could find some evidence that the changing cohort had a significant effect on immigrant society. occupational attainment and earning tended to decrease with different paces. Because new immigrants after 1990 were fared better in terms of occupational attainment and were less self-employed than before, we could find some evidence that the changing cohort had a significant effect on immigrant society.)

Url: http://www.dbpia.co.kr/journal/articleDetail?nodeId=NODE07514740&language=ko_KR

User Submitted?: No

Authors: Kim, Kab Sung; Kang, Seung Beom

Periodical (Full): 지역연구 (Journal of the Korean Regional Science Association)

Issue: 1

Volume: 28

Pages: 19-38

Data Collections: IPUMS USA

Topics: Migration and Immigration

Countries:

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