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Title: Individual Outcomes with Group Effects: The Impact of Gaming on Employment of American Indians

Citation Type: Working Paper

Publication Year: 2007

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Abstract: American Indians living on reservations have substantially lower levels of employment and income than co-resident non-Indians. Gaming has emerged as an attempt by tribes to improve the socio-economic status of their members. This paper uses simulated maximum likelihood to estimate the eect of the tribal decision to open a gaming facility on employment of its members. Unlike dierence-in-dierences estimators, it does not require the assumption that the time trend in employment is the same across reservations. Opening a casino is associated with a 14 percentage point increase in the probability that the head of household is employed.

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Authors: Gitter, Robert J.; Reagan, Patricia; Lee, Lung-fei

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Institution: Ohio State University

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Data Collections: IPUMS USA

Topics: Labor Force and Occupational Structure

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