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Title: Lead and Mortality

Citation Type: Journal Article

Publication Year: 2014

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Abstract: This paper examines the effect of water-borne lead exposure on infant mortality in American cities over the period 1900-1920. Variation across cities in water acidity and the types of service pipes, which together determined the extent of lead exposure, identifies the effects of lead on infant mortality. In 1900, a decline in exposure equivalent to an increase in pH from 6.675 (25th percentile) to 7.3 (50th percentile) in cities with lead-only pipes would have been associated with a decrease in infant mortality of 7 to 33 percent or at least 12 fewer infant deaths per 1,000 live births.

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Authors: Haines, Michael; Troesken, Werner; Clay, Karen

Periodical (Full): The review of economics and statistics

Issue: 3

Volume: 96

Pages: 458-513

Data Collections: IPUMS USA

Topics: Fertility and Mortality, Health

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