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Title: The Effects of Access to Family Planning Facilities on Female Labor Market Outcomes
Citation Type: Dissertation/Thesis
Publication Year: 2020
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Abstract: The gender gap and status of women in the US labor market has been an important and intensively studied topic in Labor Economics. This paper adds to the existing literature by using U.S. state-level labor market data and family planning facility records from 1970 to 2012 in an attempt to establish causality between female labor market outcomes and access to family planning. A robust panel data analysis is run on multiple labor market outcomes with both state and year fixed effects. The states are clustered to control for errors associated with a given time period carrying over into future time periods. The results are statistically significant for important labor market outcomes, and the results retain significance through multiple robustness checks. These results were not heterogeneous, and only white women had significant gains in income and labor market participation. Regressions show that an increase in 1 more facility per 100,000 people (5 for Wyoming, 80 for Virginia etc.) can raise white women's wages by over $2000, and labor force participation by 2 percentage points. The paper then looks at the Hyde Amendment as a case study in abortion access and finds that states that allow public insurance to be used for abortion have increases in female income by over $4800. These effects are again only significant for white women.
Url: https://econ.berkeley.edu/sites/default/files/SANDER_Marcus_Fall2020.pdf
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Authors: Sander, Marcus Dean
Institution: University of California, Berkeley
Department: Economics
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Pages: 1-22
Data Collections: IPUMS CPS
Topics: Gender, Labor Force and Occupational Structure
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