Full Citation
Title: Who Is Hmong? Questions and Evidence from the U.S. Census
Citation Type: Journal Article
Publication Year: 2006
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Abstract: According to the U.S. Census, the nations Hmong population grew sharply from 94,439 in 1990 to 169,428 in 2000. But it is difficult to determine where the line should be drawn between the Hmong community and the rest of the population or, indeed, between any two ethnic communities. In this article we explore the boundaries of the Hmong community. In particular, we explain why identification of ethnic groups in the Census data can be ambiguous, review the possible sources of relevant Census evidence, and describe our methodology. After careful examination of detailed Census data, we conclude that the usual race-only criterion used to identify a person in the data as Hmong is too narrow, and that a broader, more inclusive definition more accurately delineates the Hmong ethnic group. After a detailed investigation of the Census data for hundreds of individuals, we conclude that the most accurate approach is to include in the Hmong ethnic group all who identify their race, ancestry, or language as Hmong. This broader definition implies that Census count of the Hmong population in 2000 might have been as large as 204,948.
User Submitted?: No
Authors: Udalova, Victoria; Carroll, Wayne
Periodical (Full): Hmong Studies Journal
Issue: 0
Volume: 7
Pages: 1-20
Data Collections: IPUMS USA
Topics: Migration and Immigration, Race and Ethnicity
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