Full Citation
Title: Dead Labor: Mortality Inequities by Class, Gender, and Race/Ethnicity in the United States, 1986–2019
Citation Type: Journal Article
Publication Year: 2023
ISBN:
ISSN: 15410048
DOI: 10.2105/AJPH.2023.307227
NSFID:
PMCID:
PMID: 36926964
Abstract: Objectives. To estimate social class inequities in US mortality using a relational measure based on power over productive property and workers’ labor. Methods. We used nationally representative 1986–2018 National Health Interview Survey data with mortality follow-up through December 31, 2019 (n 5 911 850). First, using business-ownership, occupational, and employment-status data, we classified respondents as incorporated business owners (IBOs), unincorporated business owners (UBOs), managers, workers, or not in the labor force (NLFs). Next, using inverse-probability-weighted survival curves, we estimated class mortality inequities overall, after subdividing workers by employment status and occupation, and by period, gender, race/ethnicity, and education. Results. UBOs, workers, and NLFs had, respectively, 6.3 (95% confidence interval [CI] 5 28.1, 24.6), 6.6 (95% CI 5 28.1, 25.0), and 19.4 (95% CI 5 221.0, 217.7) per 100 lower 34-year survival rates than IBOs. Mortality risk was especially high for unemployed, blue-collar, and service workers. Inequities increased over time and were greater among male, racially minoritized, and less-educated respondents. Conclusions. We estimated considerable mortality inequities by class, gender, and race/ethnicity. We also estimated that class mortality inequities are increasing, threatening population health. Public Health Implications. Addressing class inequities likely requires structural, worker-empowering nterventions.
Url: https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2023.307227
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Authors: Eisenberg-Guyot, Jerzy; Finsaas, Megan C.; Prins, Seth J.
Periodical (Full): American Journal of Public Health
Issue: 6
Volume: 113
Pages: 637-646
Data Collections: IPUMS Health Surveys - NHIS
Topics: Gender, Labor Force and Occupational Structure, Race and Ethnicity
Countries: