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Title: The Spatial Distribution of Immigrants and Domestic Migrants in the Early Twentieth-Century

Citation Type: Working Paper

Publication Year: 2002

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Abstract: Like its counterpart a century later, economic globalization in the late nineteenth and early twentieth-century integrated trade, finance, and labor markets. The phenomenal growth of industrial capitalism, which was its hallmark, loosened ordinary people from farms, villages, and towns. Attracted by new opportunities and higher wages, helped by cheaper transportation, they moved across oceans and continents. In some cases, they were pulled by the prospect of work; in others, they were pushed out, driven by pressures on land or competition from cheaper labor. Their stories, however, remain for the most part separate narratives in historical writing. A vast literature recounts successive waves of immigration to the United States; a smaller, but still substantial, body of writing focuses on the internal migration of those people already here. This working paper considers them both separately and together. It is concerned with the distribution of immigrants across America, the movement of U.S.-born people across the continent, and the interconnections between the two. The topic, of course, is vast. Thus, this paper makes no pretense of comprehensiveness. Rather, it presents some data that bear suggestively on the issues.The paper begins with some of the dimensions of immigration in the early twentieth-century and compares them to the situation at the centurys end. It then turns to the question of population distribution - the settlement patterns of natives and immigrants. It ends by looking at a still unsettled question: did competition from immigrants force native workers to leave older, industrial cities?

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Authors: Katz, Michael B.

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Publication Number: 8

Institution: America at the Millennium Project

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Data Collections: IPUMS USA

Topics: Labor Force and Occupational Structure, Migration and Immigration

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