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Title: Genetic Mechanisms in the Intergenerational Transmission of Health
Citation Type: Working Paper
Publication Year: 2013
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Abstract: This paper uses a sample of adoptees to study the genetic mechanisms underlying intergenerational associations in chronic health conditions. I begin by estimating baseline intergenerational models with a sample of over 100,000 parent-child pairs, and find that children with a parent who has a specific chronic health condition are at least 100% more likely to have the same condition themselves. To assess the role of genetic mechanisms in generating these strong correlations, I estimate models using a sample of approximately 2,200 adoptees, and find that genetic transmission accounts for only 20%-30% of the baseline associations. As falsification tests, I repeat this exercise using health measures with externally established levels of genetic determination (height and chicken pox), and the results suggest that comparisons of biological and adopted children are a valid method of isolating genetic effects in my sample. Finally, to corroborate these adoptee-based estimates, I examine health correlations among monozygotic twins, which provide an upper bound estimate of genetic influences, and find a similarly modest role for genetic transmission. I conclude that intergenerational health transmission is an important hindrance to overall socioeconomic mobility, but that the majority of transmission occurs through environmental factors or gene-environment interactions, leaving scope for interventions to effectively mitigate health persistence.
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Authors: Thompson, Owen
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Institution: University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee
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Publisher Location: Milkwaukee, Wisconsin
Data Collections: IPUMS Health Surveys - NHIS
Topics: Family and Marriage, Health
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