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Title: Ethnic Enclaves: Wage Premium or Wage Penalty for Second Generation Asian Americans?
Citation Type: Dissertation/Thesis
Publication Year: 2019
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Abstract: From San Francisco’s Chinatown to Virginia Beach’s Little Manila, ethnic enclaves have become staples of Asian immigrant life across the United States. Portes and Wilson (1980) developed the enclave hypothesis, which suggests that enclaves offer unique opportunities to newly-arrived immigrants, through which they will experience relatively better socioeconomic outcomes and high [should be “higher”] returns to capital investment than those who immediately enter the mainstream American economy and can only earn low-paying jobs with little prospect for social mobility. Prior research has focused on enclave effects for the first generation; my project for Honors in Economics contributes to existing literature by focusing on the second generation. Utilizing a 2016 American Community Survey sample in California, I conduct an econometric analysis to determine the impacts of residing in an ethnic enclave on the labor market outcomes of second and beyond generation Asian Americans. My research centers on four specific Asian ethnic groups: Chinese, Filipinos, Indians, and Vietnamese. As a second generation Filipino American myself, I wanted to examine the model minority stereotype that Asians are a homogenous [I see that the online spellcheck accepts this, but I don’t! The word is “homogeneous”group with relatively high incomes. I found that, because different types of enclaves exist, and the factors that impact socioeconomic outcomes affect the Asian ethnic groups differently. Overall, the answer to my original answer is complicated, and I suggest further research should take into consideration how ethnic enclaves differ from one another in the 21st century
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Authors: Camara, John
Institution: Hobart and William Smith Colleges
Department: Economics
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Data Collections: IPUMS USA
Topics: Education, Labor Force and Occupational Structure, Migration and Immigration, Race and Ethnicity
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